Dental imaging device

ABSTRACT

An imaging device including a support, a mouth retractor fastened to the support and defining a retractor opening and structure for fastening an image acquisition apparatus to the support in a position in which the acquisition apparatus is oriented so as to receive an image of the retractor opening.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a dental imaging device, in particular for implementing a method such as described in international application PCT/EP2015/074896.

PRIOR ART

PCT/EP2015/074896 describes a method allowing, on the basis of

-   -   a three-dimensional model of the teeth of a patient produced         before treatment, referred to as the “initial reference model”,         then     -   a simple “updated” image of the teeth taken during treatment,         for example a photograph taken by the patient,         the positioning of the teeth at the moment of acquisition of the         updated image to be accurately evaluated.

This method consists in an iterative process in which, upon each iteration, models of teeth from the initial reference model are moved, then optimum conditions for observing the initial model thus modified (referred to as the “test reference model”) are determined, the optimum observation conditions being defined as the conditions allowing the test reference model to be observed so that the view of said model is as close as possible to the updated image. A succession of “test reference models” are tested until obtaining a maximum level of correspondence between a test reference model and the updated image. This last test reference model is then considered to be representative of the teeth in their position at the moment of acquisition of the updated image. Ideally, this model, referred to as the “updated reference model”, is a digital three-dimensional reference model from which the updated image could have been taken had this model been real. In practice, it actually represents, with a high level of accuracy, the teeth in their position at the moment of acquisition of the updated image.

Generally, multiple updated images are required to evaluate the positioning of multiple teeth. The method must be implemented for each updated image. The method described in international application PCT/EP2015/074896 may therefore be lengthy in its implementation.

Furthermore, the updated images may be used to detect variations in the appearance of the teeth or of the soft tissues such as the gums, and in particular in their color and in their translucence. Comparing various photos does not however always yield satisfactory results.

One object of the present invention is to provide an at least partial response to these problems.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention provides an imaging device including:

-   -   a support;     -   a dental retractor fastened to the support and defining a         retractor opening; and     -   means for fastening an image acquisition apparatus to the         support in a position in which the acquisition apparatus is         oriented so as to receive an image of the retractor opening.

As will become more clearly apparent throughout the rest of the description, a device according to the invention advantageously makes it possible to define a precise positioning of the image acquisition apparatus with respect to the dental retractor. In particular, the distance between the means for fastening the image acquisition apparatus and the dental retractor may be predetermined, thereby allowing the adjustment of the image acquisition apparatus to be accelerated. Furthermore, the orientation of the image acquisition apparatus with respect to the support may be predetermined, thereby making it possible to approximately predict the representation of the dental retractor, and, through the dental retractor, of the arches of the patient, on the updated images acquired by means of the image acquisition apparatus. The later processing of the images, in particular according to the method of PCT/EP/2015/074896, is accelerated thereby.

According to a first main refinement, the device includes a mirror fastened to to the support and said fastening means are configured to fasten the image acquisition apparatus to the support in a position in which the acquisition apparatus is oriented so as to receive a composite image including a direct image of the retractor opening and an image of the retractor opening reflected by the mirror.

In a service position in which the retractor is positioned on the mouth of the patient and the image acquisition apparatus is fastened to the support by said fastening means, said acquisition apparatus thus sees a composite image including a direct image of the teeth that is observed directly through the retractor opening and a reflected image of the teeth returned by the mirror.

As will become more clearly apparent later on in the description, a device according to the first main refinement of the invention thus allows multiple images of the teeth, observed from different angles, to be acquired simultaneously. The acquisition process is accelerated as a result.

In addition, determining the conditions for acquiring the direct image, or the reflected image, makes it possible to determine the conditions for acquiring the reflected image, or the direct image, respectively. It is in fact sufficient to have knowledge of the orientation of the mirror and its position with respect to the retractor and to the acquisition apparatus in order to determine the positioning in space of the acquisition apparatus which would have allowed, in the absence of the mirror, the reflected image to be observed. The implementation of a method such as that in international application PCT/EP2015/074896 is consequently considerably accelerated as a result.

Specifically, typically, the patient takes a photo of his or her teeth from the right, a photo of his or her teeth from the left and a photo of his or her teeth from the front. However, the software implementing the method described in international application PCT/EP2015/074896 ignores the position of the acquisition apparatus in these various steps and is not able to deduce it by processing the other images. It must therefore find it again each time in order to define the optimum observation conditions.

According to a second main refinement, the device includes

-   -   a colorimetric calibration chart and/or a translucence         calibration chart, preferably both a colorimetric calibration         chart and a translucence calibration chart, preferably fastened         to the support; and     -   preferably a light source that is oriented so as to illuminate         both the teeth of the patient through the retractor opening and         said colorimetric calibration chart and/or said translucence         calibration chart.

said fastening means of the acquisition apparatus being configured to immobilize the acquisition apparatus in a position in which it is oriented so as to receive an image of both the retractor opening and of said colorimetric calibration chart and/or of said translucence calibration chart.

As will become more clearly apparent later on in the description, a device according to the second main refinement of the invention thus allows the color and the translucence of the teeth and/or of the soft tissues, such as the gums, to be accurately determined. In particular, the illumination may be monitored so as to limit disruptions due to the lighting environment of the device. Various images taken at different times may therefore be accurately compared.

According to a third main refinement, the support takes the form of a box that is in communication with the outside substantially only via the retractor opening and via an acquisition opening through which the acquisition apparatus fastened to the support receives at least one image of the retractor opening.

Thus, the support defines a closed chamber when the opening of the retractor and the acquisition opening are obturated.

Advantageously, the inside of the chamber therefore receives substantially no luminous radiation from the outside, thereby facilitating the control of the illumination during the acquisition of updated images. A closed box also protects the patient's privacy.

Of course, the features of the various main refinements of the invention may be combined.

Regardless of the main refinement under consideration, a device according to the invention preferably has one or more of the following optional features:

-   -   the support defines a chamber that is in communication with the         outside via the retractor opening and via an acquisition opening         through which the acquisition apparatus fastened by said         fastening means receives said composite image;     -   the support is telescopic so that the distance between the         retractor opening and acquisition opening is variable;     -   the device includes at least two of said mirrors that are         oriented perpendicularly to one another and each returning a         reflected image of the retractor opening, each of said reflected         images being represented in said composite image;     -   the means for fastening the acquisition apparatus to the support         can be deactivated;     -   the means for fastening the acquisition apparatus and/or the         retractor to the support are chosen from the group consisting of         a clip fastener, a self-gripping strip, clamping jaws, a screw,         a magnet, a cover and a complimentary shape between the support         and the acquisition apparatus;     -   the device includes means for fastening the retractor to the         support, which means can be deactivated, the retractor thus         being able to be removably fastened to the support;     -   the retractor includes tabs which, in a position in which the         retractor is mounted on the support, are inserted into         respective profiled compartments of the support, each         compartment having a generally U-shaped cross section, the         opening of the U preferably facing upward or downward in a         service position in which the retractor is positioned on the         mouth of a patient holding his or her head vertically;     -   in said mounted position, the retractor is kept flexed, bearing         elastically on the support;     -   the support includes one or more, preferably two, hooks         configured to accommodate the retractor in said mounted         position;     -   the light source is configured so as to project a reference         frame toward the retractor opening;     -   the device includes a monitoring module configured to monitor         the properties of the radiation emitted by the light source,         preferably as a function of the luminous radiation received by         the retractor opening;     -   the monitoring module is configured to control the light source         so that more than 50%, more than 70%, more than 90%, or even         substantially 100% of the intensity of the radiation received by         the retractor opening comes from the light source;     -   the device includes a processing module in which the color and         translucence properties of the colorimetric and translucence         calibration charts are recorded, respectively, the processing         module comprising program code instructions for correcting an         image representing said calibration charts so that the         representations of said calibration charts on the image have         said color and translucence properties.

The invention also relates to:

-   -   a computer program, or “app” and in particular a specialized         mobile phone app, comprising program code instructions for         guiding imaging, and in particular, preferably, for         -   specifying to an operator the number of updated images to be             acquired, and/or         -   guiding an operator during an adjustment to the geometry of             the support and/or when orienting the mirror and/or when             positioning the mouth of the patient on the retractor,             and/or         -   controlling one or more actuators that are capable of             modifying said geometry, in particular modifying the length             of the support, and/or said orientation of the mirror,     -   a computer medium on which such a program is recorded, for         example a memory or a CD-ROM; and     -   a personal device, in particular mobile phone or a tablet, on         which such a program is loaded.

The invention also relates to an imaging kit including:

-   -   an imaging device according to the invention; and     -   an image acquisition apparatus fastened to the device in a         position in which the acquisition apparatus is oriented so as to         receive an image of the retractor opening.

According to the first main refinement of the invention, the image acquisition apparatus may thus acquire said composite image.

A kit according to the invention preferably has one or more of the following optional features:

-   -   the acquisition apparatus is a mobile phone;     -   the image acquisition apparatus includes a computer program         according to the invention;     -   the image acquisition apparatus is configured to take multiple         photographs in succession, with different focal lengths, as a         result of a single trigger action.

In one preferred embodiment, the imaging device includes a detection member and the image acquisition apparatus includes a detector for detecting the detection member that is configured so as to detect the detection member when the detection member is less than 20 cm, preferably less than 10 cm, preferably less than 5 cm and/or preferably more than 1 cm from the imaging device.

Preferably, the detector for detecting a detection member is configured so as to detect the detection member only when the detection member is less than 100 cm, preferably less than 50 cm, preferably less than 30 cm, preferably less than 20 cm, preferably less than 10 cm, preferably less than 5 cm from the imaging device.

As will become more clearly apparent throughout the rest of the description, such an imaging kit advantageously allows the image acquisition apparatus to react to the approach of the imaging device, and in particular to launch a computer program that is capable of guiding said imaging.

Definitions

A “main refinement of the invention” defines a particularly remarkable optional feature.

A “patient” is understood to mean any person for whom a device according to the invention may be implemented, whether this person is sick or not, or whether this person is currently being treated or not. A device according to the invention may be used for an animal other than a human being.

A “mobile phone” is a device weighing less than 500 g, provided with a sensor enabling it to capture images, capable of exchanging data with another device more than 500 km away from the mobile phone, and capable of displaying said data, and in particular said images.

The “acquisition conditions” for acquiring an image of the teeth specify the position and the orientation in space of an image acquisition apparatus in relation to the teeth of the patient, and preferably the calibration of this image acquisition apparatus, in order to acquire, at the time of said acquisition, by direct observation, said image. The acquisition conditions for acquiring a reflected image therefore specify the position and orientation in space that the image acquisition apparatus would have had to have taken, in the absence of the mirror, in order to acquire the reflected image.

The “calibration” of an acquisition apparatus consists of the set of values of the calibration parameters. A “calibration parameter” is a parameter intrinsic to the acquisition apparatus (unlike its position and its orientation), the value of which influences the image acquired. For example, the aperture is a calibration parameter that modifies the depth of field. The exposure time is a calibration parameter that modifies the luminosity (or the “exposure”) of the image. The focal length is a calibration parameter that modifies the viewing angle, i.e. the degree of “zoom”. The “sensitivity” is a calibration parameter that modifies the reaction of the sensor of a digital acquisition apparatus to incident light.

Preferably, the calibration parameters are chosen from the group formed by the aperture, the exposure time, the focal length and the sensitivity.

What is meant by an “image” is a two-dimensional image such as a photograph. An image is made up of pixels.

What is meant by an “updated image” is an image acquired by an image acquisition apparatus. A composite image, according to the first main refinement of the invention, is an example of an updated image.

The term “fasten” means “fix rigidly”. The term “fasten” does not necessarily mean “fix definitively”.

The terms “comprise”, “include” and “have” should be interpreted broadly and without limitation, unless specified otherwise.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Additional features and advantages of the invention will become further apparent upon reading the following detailed description and from studying the attached drawing, in which:

FIG. 1 shows, in perspective, a device according to the invention, seen through the side of the retractor;

FIG. 2 shows, in perspective, a device according to the invention shown from the acquisition opening side;

FIG. 3 shows an example of a composite image;

FIGS. 4a, 4b and 4c show the device of FIG. 1 seen from above, seen from the acquisition opening side and seen from the retractor opening side, respectively;

FIGS. 5a and 5b show the device of FIG. 2 with the support in retracted and deployed positions, respectively;

FIGS. 6a, 6b and 6c show, in perspective (FIGS. 6a and 6b ) and from above (FIG. 6c ), the portion of the support of a device according to the invention on which a retractor may be mounted, as shown in FIG. 6b ; and

FIG. 7 show a kit according to the invention comprising a side view of an imaging device according to the invention.

In the various figures, identical or analogous members have been denoted by the same references.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Device

The imaging device 10 shown in FIG. 1 includes a support 12, taking the form of an, optionally telescopic, box, a dental retractor 14, preferably at least one mirror 16, and fastening means 18 of an image acquisition apparatus 19, shown in FIG. 2.

In one embodiment, the support 12 includes a male portion 12 a and a female portion 12 b that are mounted so as to slide one inside the other, along a retractor axis X, between retracted (FIG. 5a ) and deployed (FIG. 5b ) positions.

In one embodiment, a scale is arranged on the male portion 12 a of the support. Preferably, this scale provides indications facilitating the adjustment of the length, along the X axis, of the support 12, for example by bearing a mark for each type of image acquisition apparatus.

The support 12 defines a chamber 20, the length of which along the X axis depends on the relative position of the male and female portions of the support 12 when the box is telescopic, or is constant.

In one preferred embodiment, the box is not telescopic (FIG. 7). When the box is not telescopic, the distance between the retractor and acquisition openings is advantageously constant. The analysis of the updated images is facilitated thereby. Furthermore, this embodiment is advantageously simple, inexpensive and ergonomical.

In the embodiment shown, the chamber 20 is in communication with the outside at two opposite end faces of the support 12, via a retractor opening 24 and an acquisition opening 26, respectively.

The lateral wall 30 of the support 12, which extends between the two end faces, is preferably substantially cylindrical along the X axis, and preferably rectangular in cross section.

In one embodiment, the support 12 is provided with a window through which light from the surroundings may reach inside the chamber 20 in order to illuminate the teeth.

Preferably, however, the chamber 20 is only in communication with the outside via the retractor, opening and acquisition opening.

The box thus composed may for example be made of plastic or of cardboard.

The fastening means 18 are configured so that the image acquisition apparatus may be fastened in an acquisition position in which its objective faces the acquisition opening 26, or else obturates the acquisition opening 26.

The means 18 for fastening the acquisition apparatus to the support 12 may be of any type. Preferably, they allow rigid fastening. Preferably, they can be reversibly deactivated, i.e. the user may fix the acquisition apparatus to, and dissociate the acquisition apparatus from, the support at will.

Preferably, the fastening means 18 of the acquisition apparatus are chosen from the group consisting of clip-fastening means, self-gripping strips of Velcro® type, clamping jaws, screws, magnets, and complementarity of shape between the support and the acquisition apparatus. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the fastening means 18 consist of a cover that may be clamped against the support 12.

In one embodiment, the fastening means 18 of the acquisition apparatus are suitable for fastening a conventional camera, for example of reflex type.

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 7, the means 18 for fastening the acquisition apparatus are magnetic. In particular, one or more magnets 18 ₁, 18 ₂ may be provided on the support and one or more metal parts may be fastened to the image acquisition device so as to cooperate with the one or more magnets. In particular, a metal plate 32 may be held fast on the image acquisition apparatus, preferably sandwiched between the acquisition apparatus and a protective shell that is fastened to the acquisition apparatus.

In one embodiment, the acquisition apparatus includes multiple metal parts and/or the support includes multiple magnets.

Advantageously, it is therefore sufficient for the operator to bring the acquisition device close to the support for the acquisition apparatus to be fastened to the support. The use of magnetic fastening also allows very precise and reliable fastening, even when the operator is not looking at the support or the acquisition apparatus.

Preferably, the means 18 for fastening the acquisition apparatus, and in particular the one or more magnets and metal parts, are configured so that the acquisition apparatus may be fastened to the support in only one predetermined position. The fastening of the acquisition apparatus therefore requires no particular training for the operator. Where appropriate, visual guides may be present to guide the operator and to ensure the correct positioning of the acquisition apparatus.

The retractor 14 may have the features of conventional retractors. It conventionally includes a rim 34 extending around the retractor opening 24 and arranged in such a way that the patient's lips may rest on it, leaving the patient's teeth visible through said retractor opening. In the embodiment shown, the retractor 14 also includes lobes 36 that are arranged so as to spread the cheeks away from the teeth and right 38 a and left 38 b tabs, which are substantially perpendicular to the X axis, facilitating the handling thereof.

The rim 34 has the shape of a channel configured to hold the patient's lips.

The retractor 14 is preferably made of a biocompatible material, for example of a plastic material.

The retractor 14 may be formed as an integral part of the support 12 or be fastened, preferably rigidly, to the support 12 by any means.

Preferably, the retractor is removable, i.e. it may be mounted on and dismounted from the support by the operator. Advantageously, the same support may therefore be used for multiple retractors, and in particular for multiple retractors of different sizes.

The means for fastening 15 the retractor to the support may be for example clip-fastening means, self-gripping strips of Velcro® type, clamping jaws, screws, magnets, and complementarity of shape between the support and the retractor.

In one embodiment, the retractor 14 is fastened by means of insertion of one of the right 38 a and left 38 b tabs into a compartment of the support, then clipping the other tab onto the support.

In one embodiment, the retractor 14 is fastened by means of clipping the tabs into respective compartments of the support.

In one preferred embodiment, illustrated by FIG. 6, the means for fastening 15 the retractor to the support include a hook onto which the retractor 14 may be hooked. The means for fastening 15 the retractor to the support preferably include a right hook 40 a and a left hook 40 b that are arranged so as to accommodate the right 38 a and left 38 b transverse tabs of the retractor, respectively. Since the right and left hooks are similar, only one hook is described in detail below.

Preferably, said hook protrudes from the rear face 44 of the support, substantially perpendicularly to the X axis, as shown in FIG. 1. The rear face 44 is preferably defined by a plate 47 (FIG. 6a ) that is fastened to an edge of the lateral wall 30 of the support 12.

Preferably, the hook takes the form of an angle 45. The angle preferably includes first and second wings that are perpendicular to one another. The first wing 48 ₁, fastened to the rear face 44 of the support, is preferably substantially parallel to the X axis and the second wing 48 ₂ is preferably substantially perpendicular to the X axis and, preferably, extends upward from the first wing. Along with the rear face 44 of the support, the angle 45 defines a compartment with a U-shaped profile, the main, upward-oriented opening 46 of which is sized so as to accommodate a tab of the retractor. Again preferably, the profiled compartment is open at its two right and left ends via right 48 and left 50 openings through which a tab of the retractor may be slid into the hook, i.e. between the rear face 44 of the support and the second wing 48 ₂ of the angle 45, until abutting against the first wing 48 ₁.

Preferably, the hooks are configured so that the retractor may be inserted therein only by force, preferably by elastically opening the hooks.

Preferably, the hooks are configured so that the retractor may be inserted therein without being deformed, preferably by flexing around an axis Y that is substantially perpendicular to the X axis, preferably substantially vertical in the service position.

Again preferably, in the position in which the retractor is mounted on the support, fastening means 15 hold the retractor flexed around the Y axis.

In the embodiment of FIG. 6 (FIG. 6c ), the axes Z_(a) and Z_(b) of the angles of the left and right hooks are thus inclined with respect to a transverse plane P that is perpendicular to the X axis, while the right and left tabs of the retractor are substantially coplanar when the retractor is at rest, dissociated from the support. The width of the main openings 46 of the right and left hooks is substantially identical to the thickness of the right and left tabs of the retractor, respectively, which obliges the operator to flex the retractor around the Y axis in order to insert these tabs into these hooks. The shape of the hooks then prevents the retractor from returning to its rest position.

The elastic bearing of the retractor on the support thus obtained advantageously favors its being held in position.

In one preferred embodiment, the device includes a light source 51 that is preferably oriented toward the retractor opening 24 (FIG. 5a ) so as to illuminate the teeth of the patient through the retractor opening 24. The light source 51 may in particular emit white light, monochromatic light, infrared radiation or, preferably, ultraviolet radiation.

The light source 51 may be a flash.

The light source is preferably fastened to the box. It preferably comprises LEDs.

In one embodiment, the light source 51 is configured so as to project, onto the teeth, through the retractor opening 24, a reference frame, preferably a laser grid.

Advantageously, the representation of a reference frame on the images facilitates the determination of the shape of the teeth. A first estimation of the shape of the teeth is thus possible without implementing the method described in PCT/EP2015/074896.

In one embodiment, threading is formed on the lateral wall 30 of the box, preferably on the lateral wall of the female part 12 b of the box. The threading is preferably shaped so as to allow the support to be fastened to a camera tripod.

In one embodiment, the device also includes an acquisition cover and a retractor cover, which covers are shaped so as to selectively obturate the acquisition opening and the retractor opening in order to facilitate the storage of the device. Preferably, the retractor cover is shaped so as to selectively obturate the retractor opening after dismounting the retractor.

According to the first main refinement of the invention, the device includes a mirror 16.

The mirror 16 is fastened to the inner face of the lateral wall 30.

The mirror 16 is preferably planar.

The number and the shape of the mirrors are not limiting. In particular, the mirror may be rectangular, spherical, oval, octagonal or hexagonal in shape.

In the embodiment shown, mirrors 16 cover the entire inner face of the lateral wall of the chamber 20, at least in the female portion 12 b of the support 12 and, preferably, also in the male portion 12 a of the support.

In one embodiment, the device includes four mirrors each positioned on one of the four faces of the lateral wall of the support, and in particular of the female portion 12 b and, preferably, of the male portion 12 a of the support. In one preferred embodiment, each mirror entirely covers the face of the support 12 over which it extends.

The length of a mirror may be greater than 3 cm, greater than 5 cm and/or smaller than 30 cm, smaller than 20 cm, smaller than 15 cm, or smaller than 10 cm. The width of a mirror may be greater than 2 cm, greater than 3 cm and/or smaller than 10 cm or smaller than 8 cm.

In the embodiment shown, the mirrors are fastened to the support, preferably definitively, for example by means of an adhesive.

The mirror 16, preferably each mirror 16, preferably extends in parallel to the X axis. In the embodiment shown, the mirror 16 extend perpendicularly to one another, pairwise.

The simultaneous presence of a mirror and of a light source 51 is particularly advantageous since it makes it possible to acquire images of the teeth that simultaneously show the reflection of the light source 51 off the teeth, but also the reflection of the fictive light source obtained by reflection of the light source 51 by the mirror. Analyzing the relative position of these reflections in the images advantageously makes it possible to roughly determine the orientation of the surface of the teeth returning them, as well as the position of this surface with respect to the acquisition apparatus.

According to the second main refinement of the invention, the device includes a colorimetric calibration chart 52 and/or a translucence calibration chart 54 that is fastened to the support, preferably in the chamber 20, or to the retractor cover, or to the mouth retractor.

The number and the shape of the calibration charts are not limiting. In one embodiment of FIG. 6a , the support bears for example three colorimetric calibration charts 52 and three translucence calibration charts 54.

Advantageously, the colorimetric 52 and translucence 54 calibration charts make it possible, for each image, to correct hue errors specific to each image acquisition apparatus.

The colorimetric 52 and translucence 54 calibration charts also advantageously make it possible to determine the exact colors and translucence of the teeth or of the gums, thereby allowing any variation in these properties to be detected.

Preferably, the colorimetric 52 and translucence 54 calibration charts are fastened in proximity to the retractor opening, preferably at less than 5 cm, less than 3 cm, less than 1 cm from the retractor opening. Preferably, the colorimetric 52 and translucence 54 calibration charts are fastened substantially in the plane of the retractor opening, as shown in FIG. 6 a.

Preferably, the monitoring module 60 monitors the properties of the radiation emitted by the light source 51, preferably as a function of the luminous radiation received by the retractor opening. A light sensor may be provided, in proximity to the retractor opening, for the purpose of evaluating the luminous radiation received by said retractor opening.

In one embodiment, the monitoring module 60 controls the power of the light source 51 so that more than 50%, more than 70%, more than 90%, or even substantially 100% of the intensity of the radiation received by the retractor opening comes from the light source 51.

According to the third main refinement of the invention, the support takes the form of a box that is in communication with the outside substantially only via the retractor and acquisition openings. Advantageously, the influence of the outside environment on the box is limited, thereby allowing images to be acquired under constant conditions.

Furthermore, when the device includes a light source 51, a closed box advantageously makes it possible to limit the power of the light source 51.

Preferably, the total area of the openings other than the spacer and acquisition openings represents less than 10%, preferably less than 5%, preferably less than 1% of the area of the lateral wall of the box delimiting the chamber 20. Preferably, the box includes no such “other openings”.

In one embodiment, the lateral wall delimiting the chamber 20 is formed or consists of a material that does not allow the content of the chamber 20 to be accurately discerned, including the arches of the patient when the device is in a service position in which a patient has placed his or her lips in the channels of the retractor. Advantageously, such a lateral wall specifically completely protects the user's privacy while acquiring the updated images.

In one embodiment, the lateral wall is translucent.

Preferably, the lateral wall is opaque. Advantageously, the inner volume of the chamber receives substantially no light from the outside, thereby guaranteeing constant conditions for acquiring updated images.

Imagine Kit

An imaging kit according to the invention includes an imaging device according to the invention and an image acquisition apparatus 19.

The image acquisition apparatus 19 preferably provides color images, and/or infrared images. Infrared images advantageously make it possible to view the teeth with an excellent level of contrast.

Preferably, the image acquisition apparatus 19 is a personal device commonly available on the market, for example a mobile phone, a “connected” camera, a smartwatch, a tablet or a fixed or portable personal computer, including an image acquisition system, such as a webcam or a camera, preferably a digital camera. It preferably weighs less than 3 kg, less than 2 kg, less than 1 kg, less than 500 g, preferably less than 300 g.

The image acquisition apparatus 19 may be integrated within the support 12 or, preferably, be fastened temporarily to the support 12, by virtue of the fastening means 18 of the acquisition apparatus.

In one preferred embodiment, the image acquisition apparatus includes a processing module 59 configured to guide the operator during the imaging operation, in particular so that he or she adjusts the length of the support 12 appropriately and/or so that he or she correctly positions his or her mouth on the retractor 14.

In one preferred embodiment, the imaging device includes a detection member 70 that a detector 72 of the image acquisition apparatus may detect (FIG. 5a ).

Preferably, the detection member 70 and the detector 72 are configured so that detection is possible only when the imaging device is in the immediate proximity of the image acquisition apparatus. Advantageously, the image acquisition apparatus therefore does not react when the imaging device is remote therefrom. Preferably however, the detection member 70 and the detector 72 are configured so that the remote detection is possible, preferably at a distance that is greater than 5 cm, or even greater than 10 cm.

Advantageously, the image acquisition apparatus may thus react very quickly.

The position of the detection member on the support is not limiting. Preferably however, it is positioned less than 5 cm, preferably less than 3 cm, more preferably less than 2 cm from the edge of the acquisition opening. Advantageously, the acquisition apparatus is thus detected only when the image acquisition apparatus is brought close to the acquisition opening.

In one preferred embodiment, the detection member is a magnet and the detector 72 of the image acquisition apparatus includes a magnetometer. A magnetometer is capable of detecting a change in the magnetic field surrounding it, and is therefore capable of detecting the approach of a magnet.

Since mobile phones are generally provided with a magnetometer, the image acquisition apparatus is preferably a mobile phone.

The detector 72 is configured so as to control the processing module 59, according to the detection of the detection member 70.

In one preferred embodiment, the detector 72 triggers the execution of the computer program loaded on the processing module 59 in the event that the detection member 70 is detected. It is therefore sufficient for the operator to bring the image acquisition apparatus, preferably a phone, close to the support to be guided in his or her image acquisition operations. Such an embodiment advantageously allows an operator who has received no prior training to acquire images.

Preferably, the image acquisition apparatus transmits a message in response to the detection of a detection member 70 by the detector 72. The message preferably relates to the use of the imaging device. Preferably, the image acquisition apparatus is configured to transmit messages relating to the fastening of the acquisition apparatus, for example by means of a voice message saying “place your camera against the blue face of the support”, and/or relating to the fastening of the dental retractor, for example by transmitting a voice message saying “bend the retractor to fasten it onto the green tabs”, and/or relating to the timing of the updated images to be acquired, for example by transmitting a voice message saying “take three photos and send them to your orthodontist”.

The message may be purely informative. In one preferred embodiment, the message transmitted by the image acquisition apparatus depends however on the interactions between the operator and the image acquisition apparatus. For example, the image acquisition apparatus may transmit a message saying “the camera is upside down/backwards” or “the camera is not oriented correctly” or “your lips are not correctly positioned in the retractor channel”.

The detection member and the detector thus facilitate the acquisition of updated images.

Preferably, the detector 72 and/or the detection member 70 also play a role in fastening the image acquisition apparatus to the support. In particular, the detection member 70 is preferably a magnet 18. The use of a magnet that serves both to detect and to fasten the image acquisition apparatus is advantageously simple, inexpensive and very practical.

Operation

The operation of the kit is directly evident from the description above.

It is described for the embodiment shown in FIG. 7.

Initially, the metal plate 32 is preferably fastened to the image acquisition apparatus 19, in this instance under the protective shell of a mobile phone.

As soon as the operator brings the image acquisition apparatus 19 close to the acquisition opening 26, the metal plate 32 is attracted by the magnets 18 ₁ and 18 ₂, and cooperates with these magnets to fasten the image acquisition apparatus in a predetermined position, suitable for acquiring updated images according to a predetermined framing. In particular, in this position, the objective of the image acquisition apparatus is correctly positioned with respect to the acquisition opening, preferably substantially in the center of the acquisition opening, and observes the inside of the chamber 20, in this position, the image acquisition apparatus 19 may observe both the direct image and the reflected image.

Furthermore, on approaching the support, at least one of the magnets 18 ₁ and 18 ₂ of the support is detected by the magnetometer of the detector 72.

As a result, the magnetometer automatically launches, i.e. without the intervention of the operator, the computer program loaded on the processing module 59 to guide to the operator in his or her operations.

If the box is telescopic, the operator then adjusts the position, along the X axis, of the female portion with respect to the male portion 12 a, according to the image acquisition apparatus 19 and its settings.

The scale arranged on the male portion 12 a of the support and bearing a mark for each type of image acquisition apparatus facilitates the adjustment.

Preferably, the operator switches on the light source 51 so as to illuminate the teeth and to project the reference frame, in particular a laser grid, on the teeth.

The operator also fastens the retractor to the support. In one embodiment shown, he or she inserts a first of the right and left tabs behind a first of the right and left hooks, respectively, then slightly bends the retractor in order to allow the second tab to be inserted behind the second hook. When the operator releases his or her action, the retractor attempts to return to its initial shape, but this return to the initial shape is hindered by the hooks. The pressure of the retractor on the support thus obtained ensures that the retractor is held in position behind the hooks.

Preferably, the processing module 59 is configured to control the automatic acquisition of one or more updated images and analyze them to detect any incorrect positioning of the image acquisition apparatus and/or of the retractor and/or poor illumination and/or an unsuitable support length. More preferably, the image acquisition apparatus immediately informs the operator thereof so that he or she corrects the detected defects.

A device according to the invention thus makes it possible to provide a predetermined positioning of the image acquisition apparatus with respect to the spread opening, and therefore facilitates the acquisition of updated images. It allows high-quality updated images to be obtained, in particular images that are substantially identical in size, framed in the same way and suitably sharp. The invention therefore facilitates the later analysis of the updated images.

The patient, who may also be the operator, then places his or her lips in the channels defined by the rim 34 of the retractor. As shown in FIG. 3, the teeth of the patient are then clearly visible. The closed box advantageously masks the teeth, thereby protecting the patient's privacy.

The device is then in a service position and the image acquisition apparatus 19 views a composite image I_(c) of the type of that shown in FIG. 3. In this figure, the composite image includes a direct image I_(d) and eight reflected images I_(r) reflected by the various mirrors 16 positioned in the chamber 20.

By actuating the trigger of the acquisition apparatus, the operator acquires the composite image I_(c). Advantageously, he or she simultaneously acquires, like in the embodiment of FIG. 3, a front view (direct image I_(d)) and a set of oblique views (reflected images I_(r)). Of course, the reflected images are inverted with respect to reality. For example, in the reflected image located above the direct image I_(d), the upper arch is shown below the lower arch.

The reflected images may advantageously correspond to acquisition conditions in which the optical axis of the acquisition apparatus is strongly inclined with respect to the sagittal plane. Using the acquisition apparatus under these conditions, with direct observation, i.e. without a mirror, would often be difficult for the patient.

The composite image is next transmitted to the processing module 59, by wired or wireless means, for example by Wi-Fi or by Bluetooth®.

Image processing makes it possible in particular, according to conventional processing methods, to isolate the direct image and the one or more reflected images. In one embodiment, the processing operation also includes an operation of inverting the reflected images and/or an operation of correcting perspective effects and/or an operation of correcting colors by means of the colorimetric calibration chart 34.

Analyzing one of the direct and reflected images, preferably the direct image, makes it possible to determine the acquisition conditions of said image, preferably according to the teaching of PCT/EP2015/074896, incorporated by reference. The acquisition conditions of the other images may advantageously be deduced therefrom, simply by taking the geometry of the support 12 into account. In particular, the calibration of the acquisition apparatus is the same for all of the direct and reflected images. Additionally, simple geometric considerations make it possible to determine the position and the orientation of the acquisition apparatus in space which, in the absence of a mirror, would have allowed the acquisition apparatus to acquire a reflected image.

In one embodiment, the processing module 59, preferably integrated within the image acquisition apparatus 19, controls the acquisition of multiple composite images under different acquisition conditions, and in particular with different focal lengths. For example, first, second and third composite images may be acquired by successively focusing the acquisition apparatus on the incisors, on the premolars and on the molars.

Advantageously, each tooth is thus shown clearly in at least one of the composite images.

In one embodiment, taking multiple successive images under different acquisition conditions is the result of a single actuation of the trigger of the image acquisition apparatus. In particular, the image acquisition apparatus may be configured to take multiple photographs in succession, with different focal lengths, as a result of a single trigger action.

Furthermore, the acquisition apparatus preferably acquires an image of the teeth of the patient also showing the translucence and colorimetric calibration charts.

The processing module 59, having knowledge of the real color and translucence properties of the calibration charts, then corrects the image until the representations of said calibration charts in the image have these properties.

In order to make the correction accurate, the light source 51 is preferably adjusted so that, at the time of acquisition of the image, the calibration charts are illuminated under the same conditions as when measuring the real properties. Using a closed box makes it easier to control the illumination.

All of the images acquired by the acquisition apparatus are thus advantageously comparable, regardless of the lighting environment outside the device at the moment of their acquisition.

As is now clearly apparent, the invention significantly facilitates the analysis of the updated images.

A device according to the first main refinement advantageously makes it possible to acquire multiple images very quickly, typically in less than a minute, without recourse to a specialist, in particular to a dentist or an orthodontist. The images may in particular be acquired by the patient him- or herself or by one of his or her kin, using a simple mobile phone, anywhere, and in particular outside of any medical, dental or orthodontics practice.

In addition, if the geometry of the support, and in particular the orientation and the positioning of a mirror, is known, it is enough to determine the acquisition conditions of the direct image in order to be able to determine, by way of simple calculation, the acquisition conditions of the image reflected by this mirror. The implementation of the method described in PCT/EP2015/074896 is considerably accelerated as a result.

Lastly, since the acquisition apparatus 19 is immobile with respect to the teeth, the composite image is advantageously clear and, if the device includes a controlled light source, exhibits good contrast.

A device according to the second main refinement makes it possible to track variation in the properties of the appearance of the teeth. It also makes it possible for the patient him—or herself to accurately measure these properties at any time, and in particular shortly before a prosthesis is produced, for example. The appearance of the prosthesis is thus particularly close to that of the teeth of the patient.

A device according to the third main refinement facilitates the control of the illumination during the acquisition of updated images and allows the patient's privacy to be protected.

A kit according to the invention substantially facilitates the use of an imaging device according to the invention. In particular, it makes it possible, in one preferred embodiment, to automatically guide the user in his or her operations. The quality of the updated images is advantageously improved thereby.

Of course, the invention is not restricted to the embodiments described and shown, which are provided for illustrative purposes only.

In particular, the shape of the box is not limiting.

Furthermore, although this embodiment is not preferred, the fastening of the image acquisition apparatus may employ one or more magnets that are fastened to the image acquisition apparatus and one or more metal parts that are fastened to the support.

The metal parts of the means for fastening the image acquisition apparatus may also be replaced, at least partially, with magnets that are arranged so as to attract the magnets fastened to the support.

The mirror is not necessarily planar. It may in particular be configured to compensate for perspective effects and/or to reflect particular regions of the mouth.

The mirror may be movable with respect to the support, and in particular may be translatably movable, in particular to make it possible to modify the distance between the mirror and the retractor opening and/or the acquisition opening.

The mirror may also be rotatably movable, in particular about an axis of rotation that is perpendicular to the X axis of the retractor, two axes being referred to as perpendicular when two planes that are orthogonal to these axes are perpendicular to one another.

Preferably, the image acquisition apparatus includes an app configured to guide the operator so that he or she correctly positions and orients the mirror. In one embodiment, the positioning and/or the orientation of the mirror are facilitated by a scale bearing indications relating to various acquisition apparatuses. The operator may thus easily position the mirror according to the acquisition apparatus used.

In one embodiment, the device includes one or more actuators that are suitable for adjusting the length of the support and/or the positioning and/or the orientation of the mirror according to setpoints, preferably according to setpoints received from the image acquisition apparatus 19.

In one embodiment, the device also includes one or more sensors configured to measure the length of the support 12 and/or the positioning and/or the orientation of the mirror, and a transmitter capable of transmitting said measurement to the image acquisition apparatus.

Advantageously, the device may be optimally configured by controlling the actuators according to a setpoint, preferably provided by the image acquisition apparatus, said setpoint preferably being based on the image observed by the image acquisition apparatus and/or by the measurements taken by the sensors.

In addition, the number of mirrors is not limited and multiple mirrors, preferably all of the mirrors, preferably have one or more of the preferred features of the mirror 16 described above. In particular, one or more of the mirrors may be provided with a sensor, with an actuator and with means for communicating with the image acquisition apparatus, as described above. 

The invention claimed is:
 1. An imaging device including: a support; a mouth retractor fastened to the support and defining a retractor opening; and a mechanism for fastening an image acquisition apparatus to the support in a position in which the acquisition apparatus is oriented so as to receive an image of the retractor opening, wherein the support takes the form of a box that is in communication with the outside via the retractor opening and via an acquisition opening through which the acquisition apparatus fastened to the support receives said image of the retractor opening, the support being configured so that the acquisition apparatus observes the retractor opening regardless of a configuration of said support, said mechanism being chosen from the group consisting of clip-fastening means, self-gripping strips of hook and loop fastener type, clamping jaws, screws, magnets, and complementarity of shape between the support and the acquisition apparatus, or consisting of a cover that may be clamped against the support.
 2. The device as claimed in claim 1, in which said mechanism is magnetic and configured so that the acquisition apparatus may be fastened to the support in only one predetermined position.
 3. An imaging kit including: an imaging device as claimed in claim 1; and an image acquisition apparatus that is fastened to the device in a position in which the acquisition apparatus is oriented to receive an image of the retractor opening.
 4. The kit as claimed in claim 3, in which the imaging device includes a detection member and the image acquisition apparatus includes a detector that is configured to detect the detection member when the detection member is less than 20 cm from the imaging device.
 5. The kit as claimed in claim 4, in which the detector is configured so as to detect the detection member only when the detection member is less than 20 cm from the imaging device.
 6. The kit as claimed in claim 4, in which the detection member is positioned less than 5 cm from the edge of the acquisition opening.
 7. The kit as claimed in claim 4, in which the detector includes a magnetometer.
 8. The kit as claimed in claim 4, in which the detector is configured to trigger an execution of a computer program loaded on a processing module of the image acquisition apparatus in the event that the detection member is detected.
 9. The kit as claimed in claim 8, in which the processing module is configured to acquire, in response to the detection of the detection member by the detector, one or more updated images, then analyze them to detect an incorrect positioning of the image acquisition apparatus and/or of the retractor and/or a poor illumination of the retractor opening and/or an unsuitable support length.
 10. The kit as claimed in claim 4, in which the image acquisition apparatus transmits a message in response to the detection of the detection member by the detector, the message relating to the use of the imaging device and/or relating to the fastening of the acquisition apparatus and/or relating to the fastening of the dental retractor and/or relating to the timing of the updated images to be acquired.
 11. The kit as claimed in claim 1, in which said fastening means include the detection member.
 12. The device as claimed in claim 1, in which the support defines a closed chamber when the opening of the retractor and the acquisition opening are obturated.
 13. The device as claimed in claim 1, in which the retractor includes lobes that are arranged so as to spread cheeks of a patient away from teeth of said patient.
 14. The device as claimed in claim 1, including a light source that is oriented toward the retractor opening so as to illuminate teeth of a patient through the retractor opening.
 15. The device as claimed in claim 14, in which the light source is configured so as to project, onto the teeth, through the retractor opening, a reference frame.
 16. The device as claimed in claim 14, including a monitoring module configured to monitor properties of radiation emitted by the light source as a function of the luminous radiation received by the retractor opening.
 17. The device as claimed in claim 1, in which the image acquisition apparatus has an objective and is positioned with respect to the acquisition opening so that said objective is maintained in the centre of the acquisition opening. 